???? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (?? ??????) ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????.
????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????? (?????? ??????) ?????? (?????? ?????). ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????????.
???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????????. ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????????
????????: ????? ?????? ?? ????? (?????? ??????) ?????? (?????? ?????)
1. ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????
| ????? | ????? ??????? | ????? ??? ?????? |
| ????? ????? | 3.0 - 3.2 | > 0.5 ??? |
| ??? ????? | 2.3 - 2.9 | 0.35 - 0.5 ??? |
| ?????? ??????? | 2.2-2.6 | 0.25 - 0.35 ??? |
| ??? ???? ?????? | <2.2 | <0.25 ??? |
?????? ?? ??????
??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????.
????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????.
????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????.
2. ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????
????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????.
??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? (???? ??? ????).
?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????.
???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? 0.2? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? 1% ??? 2%. ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????.
3. ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????????
?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.
????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????. ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????????.
4. ????? ????? ?? ??????
??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????.
????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? 3% (C30~C50). ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???.
5. ?????? ??????? (???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????)
?????? ???????
????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????.
????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? 3 ~ 4 ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????.
6. ???? ?????? ?????
?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? 10 ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? 5 ~ 25 ?? ?? 5 ~ 31.5 ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? 10 ~ 25 ?? ?? 10 ~ 31.5 ??.
??? ?????? ????? 10% ~ 20% ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? 5 ??? 10 ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? 2%? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? 0.1% ~ 0.2% ???? ?????? ????????? .
7. ????? ????? ?? ?????
??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? 0.5?. ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? 0.1% ??? 0.3% ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????.
???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????.
8. ????? ???????? ??????? ???????
??? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????????.
??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? 2% ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? 0.1% ??? 0.2% ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????.
9. ??? ?????
????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???.
10. ????? ????? ?????
????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? 3% ?????? ?????? ????? 0.1% ??? 0.2% ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????.
11. ????? ????? ??????
?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????.
??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????.
???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? 30% ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? 40 ~ 60 ???/? 3 .
???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????.
12. ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? (AAR)
??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????.
??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????.
13. ???????
??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? 540 ???/? 3 ? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ????????.
??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????.
14. ????? ??????
???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????. ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????.
????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????????. ???? ??????? ????? ASTM C1602 ?????? ??? ????????.
15. ???? ????? ??? ???????
???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????????. ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????.
??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????.
16. ???? ???? ??????? ????????
???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????.
??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????.
?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????. ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????.
?? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????.
??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????.
17. ??? ????????
?? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????. ?? ??? 7 ??? 14 ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? 28 ?????.
18. ????? ??????
??? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????. ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????.
?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? 10? ?????? ?????? ??????.
??? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????.
